WBPSC Clerkship English Grammar Notes PDF – Solved PYQs with Bengali Explanation
Download free WBPSC Clerkship Part-I English Grammar notes with 105 solved PYQs. Prepositions, articles, modals, voice change, narration, tenses, subject-verb agreement and sentence transformation with English & Bengali explanations.
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Module 1: Prepositions & Appropriate Prepositions
26 Questions • Part-I English
Fixed prepositions after verbs and adjectives, plus spatial and comparative prepositions — the most frequently tested grammar area in WBPSC Clerkship.
Key Grammar Rules
- Fixed / Appropriate Prepositions: Certain verbs, adjectives and nouns take specific prepositions.
- Successful in doing something — কোনো কাজে সফল হওয়া
- Preoccupied with something — কোনো কাজে মগ্ন থাকা
- Good at a subject/skill — কোনো বিষয়ে পারদর্শী
- Approve of an action — অনুমোদন করা
- Afraid of someone/something — ভীত হওয়া
- Rule over a kingdom — শাসন করা
- Look at a picture/object — তাকানো
- Between vs Among: Between is used for two distinct individuals or items (দুইজনের মধ্যে); Among is used for more than two (দুইয়ের অধিকের মধ্যে).
- Beside vs Besides: Beside = by the side of / next to (পাশে); Besides = in addition to (ব্যতীত / পাশাপাশি).
Q1
He was successful _____ completing the job within four days. PYQ 2019 S1
✅ Correct Answer: (B) in
English: The adjective 'successful' takes the preposition 'in' when followed by a gerund (verb+ing) indicating the area of achievement.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'Successful'-এর পর কোনো কার্যসম্পাদনের ক্ষেত্রে 'in' ব্যবহৃত হয়। তাই সঠিক উত্তর (B)।
Q2
He was too preoccupied _____ his studies to think of other matters. PYQ 2019 S1
✅ Correct Answer: (A) with
English: The adjective 'preoccupied' is followed by the appropriate preposition 'with' to denote being engrossed in something.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'Preoccupied' (মগ্ন থাকা) শব্দটির সাথে সঠিক প্রেপোজিশন 'with' বসে।
Q3
The tired hawker sat _____ the tree. PYQ 2019 S1
✅ Correct Answer: (D) under
English: To indicate resting beneath the shade or structure of a tree, 'under' is the correct spatial preposition.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: গাছের নিচে বসা বোঝাতে 'under' প্রেপোজিশনটি ব্যবহৃত হয়।
Q4
Sita and Meera quarrelled _____ themselves. PYQ 2019 S1
✅ Correct Answer: (B) between
English: 'Between' is used when two specific persons (Sita and Meera) are involved in an action.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: কেবল দুজন ব্যক্তির (সীতা ও মীরা) মধ্যে ঝগড়া বোঝাতে 'between' ব্যবহৃত হয়।
Q5
Ram was good _____ Chemistry. PYQ 2019 S1
✅ Correct Answer: (A) at
English: The idiom/phrase 'good at' means proficient or skilled in a particular subject or activity.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: কোনো বিশেষ বিষয়ে বা দক্ষতায় পারদর্শী বোঝাতে 'good at' ব্যবহৃত হয়।
Q6
Rita's mother did not approve _____ her returning home so late at night. PYQ 2019 S1
✅ Correct Answer: (D) of
English: The verb 'approve' strictly takes the preposition 'of' when expressing approval or sanction of an action.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'Approve' ধাতুর সাথে সর্বদা 'of' প্রেপোজিশন ব্যবহৃত হয়, যার অর্থ অনুমোদন বা সমর্থন করা।
Q7
The policeman seized him _____ his arm and led him away. PYQ 2019 S1
✅ Correct Answer: (A) by
English: When catching or holding a person by a body part, 'by' is used (e.g., seized him by the arm).
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: শরীরের কোনো অংশ ধরে টানা বা ধরা বোঝাতে 'by' ব্যবহৃত হয় (seized him by his arm)।
Q8
The cat sneaked in and sat _____ the little girl. PYQ 2019 S2
✅ Correct Answer: (D) beside
English: 'Beside' means 'at the side of' or 'next to'. 'Besides' means 'in addition to'. Here, physical proximity is intended.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'Beside' অর্থ 'পাশে'। ছোট মেয়েটির পাশে বসেছিল বোঝাতে 'beside' সঠিক।
Q9
The deer is afraid _____ the tiger. PYQ 2019 S2
✅ Correct Answer: (D) of
English: The adjective 'afraid' is fixed with the preposition 'of' when indicating the source of fear.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'Afraid' (ভীত) শব্দটির পরে সঠিক প্রেপোজিশন হিসেবে 'of' বসে।
Q10
The Emperor Akbar ruled _____ a vast kingdom. PYQ 2019 S2
✅ Correct Answer: (B) over
English: The verb 'rule' takes 'over' when referring to exercising domain or sovereignty over a territory or kingdom.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: সাম্রাজ্য বা রাজ্য শাসন করা বোঝাতে 'rule over' ব্যবহৃত হয়।
Q11
Ratan entered the room and looked _____ the painting on the wall. PYQ 2019 S2
✅ Correct Answer: (A) at
English: 'Look at' means to direct one's gaze towards something specific.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: দেয়ালের ছবির দিকে তাকানো বোঝাতে 'look at' ব্যবহৃত হয়।
Q12
She is senior _____ me in service by three years.
✅ Correct Answer: (B) to
English: Comparative adjectives ending in '-ior' (senior, junior, superior, inferior, prior) take 'to' instead of 'than'.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: Senior, junior, superior ইত্যাদি শব্দের পর সমতুল্য মূল্যায়নে 'than'-এর পরিবর্তে 'to' বসে।
Q13
The teacher distributed the sweets _____ all the students in the class.
✅ Correct Answer: (B) among
English: 'Among' is used when distributing or referring to more than two persons (all the students).
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: দুইয়ের বেশি শিক্ষার্থীর মধ্যে মিষ্টি বিতরণের ক্ষেত্রে 'among' ব্যবহৃত হয়।
Q14
He died _____ cholera after suffering for a week.
✅ Correct Answer: (B) of
English: One dies 'of' a disease (e.g., cholera, cancer), but dies 'from' a cause like overwork or loss of blood.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: কোনো নির্দিষ্ট রোগে মারা গেলে 'die of' বসে (die of cholera)।
Q15
The man was accused _____ theft by his employer.
✅ Correct Answer: (C) of
English: The verb 'accuse' takes the preposition 'of' (accused of a crime).
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'Accuse' (অভিযুক্ত করা) শব্দটির পর 'of' প্রেপোজিশন বসে (accused of theft)।
Q16
Do not prevent him _____ doing his duty.
✅ Correct Answer: (B) from
English: The verb 'prevent' is followed by 'from' + gerund (prevent someone from doing something).
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'Prevent' (বাধা দেওয়া বা বিরত রাখা) শব্দের পর 'from' প্রেপোজিশন বসে।
Q17
He is addicted _____ smoking.
✅ Correct Answer: (C) to
English: 'Addicted to' is a fixed prepositional phrase taking a gerund or noun.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: কোনো খারাপ অভ্যাসে আসক্ত বোঝাতে 'addicted to' ব্যবহৃত হয়।
Q18
The river flows _____ the bridge.
✅ Correct Answer: (A) under
English: 'Under' is used when something is directly below another object, often with movement or space between them.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: ব্রিজের নিচ দিয়ে নদীর প্রবাহ বোঝাতে 'under' ব্যবহৃত হয়।
Q19
I prefer tea _____ coffee in the morning.
✅ Correct Answer: (C) to
English: The verb 'prefer' takes 'to' when comparing two choices (prefer X to Y).
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: দুটি জিনিসের মধ্যে পছন্দ প্রকাশ করতে 'prefer'-এর পর 'to' বসে (prefer tea to coffee)।
Q20
He abstained _____ voting in the election.
✅ Correct Answer: (B) from
English: 'Abstain' is followed by 'from' (abstain from voting / alcohol).
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'Abstain' (বিরত থাকা) এর পর 'from' বসে।
Q21
She insisted _____ going to Kolkata immediately.
✅ Correct Answer: (A) on
English: 'Insist' takes 'on' followed by a gerund (insist on doing something).
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'Insist' (জিদ করা বা জোর দেওয়া) এর সাথে 'on' প্রেপোজিশন ব্যবহৃত হয়।
Q22
Beware _____ pickpockets at the crowded bus stand.
✅ Correct Answer: (B) of
English: 'Beware' is followed by 'of' to indicate caution against danger or harm.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'Beware' (সাবধান হওয়া) এর পর 'of' প্রেপোজিশন বসে।
Q23
He congratulates you _____ your grand success.
✅ Correct Answer: (B) on
English: One congratulates someone 'on' an achievement or event, not 'for'.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: সাফল্য বা আনন্দের উপলক্ষে অভিনন্দন জানানো বোঝাতে 'congratulate on' বসে।
Q24
The patient was cured _____ his illness after a long treatment.
✅ Correct Answer: (B) of
English: The verb 'cure' takes 'of' when referring to recovery from a disease (cured of an illness).
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: রোগ থেকে আরোগ্য লাভ করা বোঝাতে 'cure of' ব্যবহৃত হয়।
Q25
He is blind _____ his son's faults.
✅ Correct Answer: (A) to
English: 'Blind to' means deliberately ignoring or unaware of faults. ('Blind in' refers to physical loss of sight in an eye).
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: দোষের প্রতি অন্ধ বা উদাসীন বোঝাতে 'blind to' ব্যবহৃত হয়।
Q26
The house was set _____ fire by the criminals.
✅ Correct Answer: (A) on
English: The correct phrase is 'set on fire' or 'set fire to'. Here 'set on fire' fits the structure.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: আগুন লাগিয়ে দেওয়া অর্থে 'set on fire' বাক্যাংশটি ব্যবহৃত হয়।
Module 2: Articles, Determiners & Modals
20 Questions • Part-I English
Phonetic use of a/an/the, the few/little family, each vs every, and modal verbs for obligation, permission and possibility.
Key Grammar Rules
- Articles (a, an, the):
- Indefinite (A/An) before singular countable nouns — 'a' before consonant sounds, 'an' before vowel sounds.
- Phonetic exceptions: a university, an hour, a European, an honest man.
- Definite (The) before specific nouns, unique natural objects (the Sun), rivers (the Ganges), holy books (the Gita), superlative degrees (the best).
- Determiners (Few / Little family):
- Countable: Few (almost none, negative), A few (some, positive), The few (not many, but all of them).
- Uncountable: Little (almost none), A little (some, positive), The little (not much, but all of it).
- Each = two or more items considered individually; Every = three or more considered as a group.
- Modals: Can/Could = ability; May/Might = permission or possibility; Must = strong obligation or certainty; Should = advice or moral duty.
Q27
He returned after _____ hour.
✅ Correct Answer: (B) an
English: The word 'hour' begins with a silent 'h' and creates a vowel sound ('our'), hence requires 'an'.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'Hour' শব্দের উচ্চারণ ভাওয়েল ধ্বনি দিয়ে শুরু হয় ('h' অনুচ্চারিত), তাই এর পূর্বে 'an' বসে।
Q28
Copper is _____ useful metal.
✅ Correct Answer: (A) a
English: Although 'useful' begins with the vowel letter 'u', its phonetic pronunciation starts with the consonant sound 'yoo' (/juː/), taking 'a'.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'Useful' শব্দের শুরুতে ভাওয়েল থাকলেও উচ্চারণ 'ইউ' (yoo)-এর মতো হওয়ার কারণে এর পূর্বে 'a' বসে।
Q29
There is _____ water left in the jug, so you cannot make tea.
✅ Correct Answer: (B) little
English: 'Little' means almost none (negative quantity) and is used with uncountable nouns like water.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'Water' একটি Uncountable noun। চা তৈরি করার মতো জল নেই (নেতিবাচক অর্থ) বোঝাতে 'little' ব্যবহৃত হয়।
Q30
_____ friends he has are all faithful to him.
✅ Correct Answer: (C) The few
English: 'The few' means 'not many, but all of that small number'.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'The few' বলতে 'সংখ্যায় কম কিন্তু যতগুলো আছে তার সবগুলোই' বোঝায়।
Q31
We _____ respect our elders.
✅ Correct Answer: (C) should
English: 'Should' expresses moral obligation, duty, or advisable behaviour.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: বয়স্কদের শ্রদ্ধা করা একটি নৈতিক কর্তব্য, তাই সামাজিক বা নৈতিক দায়িত্ব প্রকাশে 'should' ব্যবহৃত হয়।
Q32
Work hard lest you _____ fail in the examination.
✅ Correct Answer: (C) should
English: The conjunction 'lest' is grammatically followed by the modal verb 'should'.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'Lest' সংযোজক অব্যয়টির পরে সর্বদা Modal verb হিসেবে 'should' বসে।
Q33
The Gita is _____ holy book of the Hindus.
✅ Correct Answer: (A) a
English: 'Book' is a singular countable noun starting with a consonant sound, taking 'a'. (Note: 'The Gita' takes 'the' because it is a sacred scripture, but 'holy book' takes 'a').
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'Holy book'-এর পূর্বে নির্দিষ্ট করে নয়, একটি পবিত্র গ্রন্থ বোঝাতে সাধারণ Indefinite article 'a' বসে।
Q34
_____ candidate was interviewed by the panel individually.
✅ Correct Answer: (A) Each
English: 'Each' emphasizes individual items or persons in a definite set, followed by a singular noun and verb.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: স্বতন্ত্রভাবে প্রতিটি প্রার্থীকে আলাদা করে বোঝাতে 'Each' ব্যবহৃত হয়।
Q35
_____ I come in, Sir?
✅ Correct Answer: (B) May
English: 'May' is used to ask for formal permission respectfully.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: বিনম্র বা আনুষ্ঠানিক অনুমতি চাওয়ার জন্য 'May' ব্যবহৃত হয়।
Q36
Honesty is _____ best policy.
✅ Correct Answer: (C) the
English: Superlative degree adjectives (best) are always preceded by the definite article 'the'.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: Superlative degree ('best')-এর পূর্বে সর্বদা Definite article 'the' বসে।
Q37
He spent _____ money he had saved for his daughter's marriage.
✅ Correct Answer: (C) the little
English: 'The little' denotes 'all of the small quantity that was available'.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'The little' দ্বারা 'যেটুকু সঞ্চিত অর্থ ছিল তার পুরোটাই' নির্দেশ করছে।
Q38
If it rains, we _____ cancel the outdoor picnic.
✅ Correct Answer: (A) might
English: 'Might' indicates a weak or tentative possibility in future conditional scenarios.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: ভবিষ্যতে বৃষ্টি হলে পিকনিক বাতিল হতে পারে—এমন অনিশ্চিত সম্ভাবনা প্রকাশে 'might' সঠিক।
Q39
_____ Sun rises in the East.
✅ Correct Answer: (C) The
English: Unique celestial bodies and direction names take the article 'the'.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: মহাবিশ্বে একক কোনো বস্তু (সূর্য) এবং দিকের নামের পূর্বে 'The' বসে।
Q40
There are _____ books on the table that belong to the library.
✅ Correct Answer: (B) some
English: 'Some' is used with plural countable nouns in affirmative sentences.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'Books' হলো Plural countable noun এবং বাক্যটি হ্যাঁ-বোধক, তাই 'some' সঠিক।
Q41
You _____ not drive without a valid driving license; it is against the law.
✅ Correct Answer: (A) must
English: 'Must not' expresses strong legal prohibition or mandatory rule.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: আইনি নিষেধাজ্ঞা বা বাধ্যতামূলক নিয়ম বোঝাতে 'must not' ব্যবহৃত হয়।
Q42
He is _____ M.A. in English Literature.
✅ Correct Answer: (B) an
English: Abbreviation 'M.A.' starts with an 'em' vowel sound (/ɛm/), so it takes 'an'.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'M.A.' সংক্ষিপ্ত শব্দটির প্রথম অক্ষরের উচ্চারণ 'এম' (ভাওয়েল সাউন্ড) হওয়ার কারণে এর আগে 'an' বসে।
Q43
Did you see _____ suspicious person near the gate?
✅ Correct Answer: (B) any
English: 'Any' is primarily used in interrogative and negative sentences.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: প্রশ্নবোধক বাক্যে সাধারণ নিয়মে 'any' ব্যবহৃত হয়।
Q44
She _____ speak four languages fluently when she was ten.
✅ Correct Answer: (B) could
English: 'Could' expresses general ability in the past ('when she was ten').
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: অতীতে কোনো কাজ করার সামর্থ্য বা দক্ষতা বোঝাতে 'could' ব্যবহৃত হয়।
Q45
This is _____ unique opportunity for all job aspirants.
✅ Correct Answer: (A) a
English: 'Unique' begins with the sound /juː/ ('yoo'), so it is preceded by 'a', not 'an'.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'Unique'-এর প্রথম উচ্চারণ 'ইউ'-এর মতো, তাই 'an' না বসে 'a' বসে।
Q46
He has _____ knowledge about nuclear physics.
✅ Correct Answer: (C) little
English: 'Knowledge' is an uncountable noun. 'Little' denotes scarce or negligible quantity.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'Knowledge' একটি Uncountable noun, তাই এর পূর্বে 'little' বসবে।
Module 3: Voice Change & Narration Change
20 Questions • Part-I English
Active–passive transformations (including retained prepositions and double objects) and direct-to-indirect speech rules.
Key Grammar Rules
- Voice Change Structure:
- Simple Present: Obj + am/is/are + V3 + by + Sub
- Present Continuous: Obj + am/is/are + being + V3 + by + Sub
- Simple Past: Obj + was/were + V3 + by + Sub
- Simple Future: Obj + shall/will + be + V3 + by + Sub
- Retained Prepositions: verbs with fixed prepositions (laugh at, look after) keep the preposition attached in passive — e.g. was laughed at.
- Narration Change Rules:
- Reporting verb in past: Present Simple → Past Simple; Present Perfect → Past Perfect; Simple Past → Past Perfect.
- Pronoun shift: 'I' changes according to the speaker; 'you' according to the listener.
- Interrogative: reporting verb becomes asked/enquired; linker if/whether for Yes/No questions; word order changes to Subject + Verb.
- Universal truths and habitual facts never change tense.
Q47
Change from Passive to Active Voice: The crazy girl was laughed at. PYQ 2019 S1
✅ Correct Answer: (A) They laughed at the crazy girl.
English: The passive voice 'was laughed at' is in Past Indefinite. Converting to Active requires an indefinite subject ('They') + V2 ('laughed at') + object ('the crazy girl').
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: Passive-এ 'was laughed at' রয়েছে যা Simple Past। Active-এ একটি উহ্য কর্তা 'They' ধরে বাক্যটিকে 'They laughed at the crazy girl' করতে হবে।
Q48
Change from Active to Passive Voice: The boys are flying kites in the sky. PYQ 2019 S1
✅ Correct Answer: (C) Kites are being flown by the boys in the sky.
English: Present Continuous tense passive structure: Object ('Kites') + are + being + V3 ('flown') + by subject ('the boys') + extension ('in the sky').
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: Present Continuous Tense-এর Passive গঠন: Object + am/is/are + being + V3 + by + Subject। সুতরাং 'Kites are being flown by the boys in the sky' সঠিক।
Q49
Change from Active to Passive Voice: The tutor taught Ronny Mathematics for two years. PYQ 2019 S2
✅ Correct Answer: (C) Ronny was taught Mathematics by the tutor for two years.
English: With double objects (Ronny = Indirect, Mathematics = Direct), converting the personal object 'Ronny' to passive subject gives natural flow: 'Ronny was taught Mathematics by the tutor...'.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: দ্বিকর্মক (Double Object) বাক্যে ব্যক্তিবাচক কর্ম 'Ronny'-কে Subject করে Passive করাই সবচেয়ে মার্জিত ও সঠিক নিয়ম।
Q50
Change from Active to Passive Voice: The society will help the poor children with money. PYQ 2019 S2
✅ Correct Answer: (A) The poor children will be helped by the society with money.
English: Simple Future passive structure: Object ('The poor children') + will be + V3 ('helped') + by subject ('the society') + with money.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: Simple Future Tense-এর Passive রূপ: Object + will be + V3 + by + Subject। তাই (A) সঠিক উত্তর।
Q51
Change from Passive to Active Voice: Many things may be accomplished by a little effort. PYQ 2019 S2
✅ Correct Answer: (D) One may accomplish many things by a little effort.
English: Modal passive 'may be accomplished' becomes 'may accomplish' in active, using generic subject 'One' to preserve exact nuance of 'a little effort'.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'May be accomplished'-এর Active রূপ 'may accomplish'। সাধারণ কর্তাস্বরূপ 'One' ব্যবহার করে অর্থ সম্পূর্ণ রাখা হয়েছে।
Q52
Choose the correct indirect form: He said to me, 'I have never seen such a brilliant boy in my life'. PYQ 2019 S1
✅ Correct Answer: (D) He told me that he had never seen such a brilliant boy in his life.
English: Reporting verb 'said to me' → 'told me'. Linking conjunction 'that'. Present Perfect 'have never seen' changes to Past Perfect 'had never seen'. Pronoun 'my' → 'his'.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: Reporting verb অতীতকালের হওয়ায় Direct-এর Present Perfect Tense ('have never seen') Indirect-এ Past Perfect Tense ('had never seen') হবে এবং 'my' পরিবর্তন হয়ে 'his' হবে।
Q53
Change the voice: Who wrote the Mahabharata?
✅ Correct Answer: (A) By whom was the Mahabharata written?
English: Interrogative 'Who' changes to 'By whom' in passive, followed by auxiliary verb + object + V3 ('was the Mahabharata written?').
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'Who' যুক্ত প্রশ্নবোধক বাক্যের Voice change-এ শুরুতে 'By whom' বসে, এরপর Auxiliary verb ('was') + Subject + V3 বসে।
Q54
Change the voice: Shut the door immediately.
✅ Correct Answer: (A) Let the door be shut immediately.
English: Imperative sentence expressing command: Let + Object ('the door') + be + V3 ('shut').
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: আদেশসূচক (Imperative) বাক্যের Passive রূপ: Let + Object + be + V3 (Shut-এর তিনটি রূপই shut)।
Q55
Change the narration: The teacher said, "The earth revolves round the sun."
✅ Correct Answer: (B) The teacher said that the earth revolves round the sun.
English: Universal truths or habitual facts do not change tense in indirect speech even if the reporting verb is in past tense.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: চিরন্তন সত্য (Universal Truth) বাক্যের ক্ষেত্রে Reporting verb Past Tense হলেও Reported Speech-এর Tense পরিবর্তন হয় না।
Q56
Change the narration: He said to me, "Are you going to school today?"
✅ Correct Answer: (A) He asked me if I was going to school that day.
English: Interrogative sentence: 'said to' → 'asked'; conjunction 'if'; Present Continuous 'are you going' → Past Continuous 'I was going'; adverb 'today' → 'that day'.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: প্রশ্নবোধক বাক্যে 'said to' এর বদলে 'asked', লিঙ্কার 'if', এবং Present Continuous পাল্টে Past Continuous হয়, 'today' পরিবর্তিত হয়ে 'that day' হয়।
Q57
Change the voice: Please give me a glass of water.
✅ Correct Answer: (B) You are requested to give me a glass of water.
English: Imperative sentence with 'Please' changes to 'You are requested to' + base verb.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'Please' যুক্ত অনুরোধমূলক বাক্যের Passive রূপ 'You are requested to' দিয়ে শুরু হয়।
Q58
Change the narration: She said, "Alas! I have lost my purse."
✅ Correct Answer: (A) She exclaimed with sorrow that she had lost her purse.
English: Exclamatory sentence expressing grief ('Alas'): 'exclaimed with sorrow that' + Past Perfect ('she had lost her purse').
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'Alas!' যুক্ত আবেগসূচক বাক্যকে Indirect করার সময় 'exclaimed with sorrow that' বসে এবং Tense পরিবর্তিত হয়ে Past Perfect হয়।
Q59
Change the voice: They are building a new bridge across the river.
✅ Correct Answer: (B) A new bridge is being built across the river by them.
English: Present Continuous Active → Passive: Object ('A new bridge') + is + being + V3 ('built') + extension + by subject.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: Present Continuous-এর Passive গঠন: Object ('A new bridge') + is being + V3 ('built') + by them।
Q60
Change the narration: Father said to his son, "Do not waste your time."
✅ Correct Answer: (A) Father advised his son not to waste his time.
English: Negative imperative advice: 'said to' → 'advised'; imperative marker 'not to' + base verb ('not to waste his time'). Note: 'forbade' cannot take 'not'.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: উপদেশমূলক না-বোধক বাক্যে 'said to' পরিবর্তন হয়ে 'advised' এবং যুক্ত করার জন্য 'not to' ব্যবহৃত হয়।
Q61
Change the voice: One should keep one's promises.
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Promises should be kept.
English: In general sentences with indefinite pronoun 'one', the agent 'by one' is omitted in passive.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'One' সাধারণ কর্তা হওয়ায় Passive Voice-এ 'by one' বাদ দিয়ে কেবল 'Promises should be kept' লেখা নিয়মসিদ্ধ।
Q62
Change the narration: The doctor said to the patient, "Take this medicine twice daily."
✅ Correct Answer: (A) The doctor advised the patient to take that medicine twice daily.
English: Doctor's instruction is advice: 'advised' + Object + 'to take' + 'that medicine' ('this' → 'that').
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: ডাক্তারের নির্দেশকে উপদেশ হিসেবে 'advised' লেখা হয়, 'to' দ্বারা যুক্ত হয় এবং 'this' পরিবর্তিত হয়ে 'that' হয়।
Q63
Change the voice: His behavior shocked everyone present in the hall.
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Everyone present in the hall was shocked at his behavior.
English: The verb 'shocked' takes the preposition 'at' (not 'by') when referring to an action, behavior, or conduct.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: আচরণ বা ঘটনায় হতবাক হওয়া বোঝাতে 'shocked'-এর পর Passive-এ 'by'-এর পরিবর্তে 'at' বসে (shocked at his behavior)।
Q64
Change the narration: Rita said, "Where do you live?"
✅ Correct Answer: (A) Rita asked where I lived.
English: Wh-question in indirect speech retains the Wh-word ('where'), changing sentence structure from interrogative to statement (Subject 'I' + Past verb 'lived').
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: Wh-question-এর উক্তি পরিবর্তনে Wh-word বসে এবং প্রশ্নবোধক রূপটি সাধারণ বিবৃতিতে (Subject + Verb) পরিণত হয়।
Q65
Change the voice: Smoke filled the room.
✅ Correct Answer: (B) The room was filled with smoke.
English: The passive of 'filled' when denoting full material presence takes 'with' rather than 'by'.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: কোনো কিছু দিয়ে পরিপূর্ণ হওয়া বোঝাতে Passive-এ 'filled with' ব্যবহৃত হয়।
Q66
Change the narration: "May you succeed in the examination!" said my mother.
✅ Correct Answer: (A) My mother wished that I might succeed in the examination.
English: Optative sentence expressing wish: 'wished that' + Subject + 'might' + base verb.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: প্রার্থনামূলক বা ইচ্ছাসূচক (Optative) বাক্যে 'wished that' বসে এবং 'may' পরিবর্তিত হয়ে 'might' হয়।
Module 4: Tenses, Subject-Verb Agreement & Verb Forms
20 Questions • Part-I English
Sequence of tenses, the neither/nor and each-of rules, proverbial compound subjects, and subjunctive verb forms.
Key Grammar Rules
- Sequence of Tenses (কাল অনুক্রম): When two past actions occur sequentially, the earlier action takes Past Perfect (had + V3) and the later takes Simple Past (V2).
- Action 1 (had + V3) + before + Action 2 (V2)
- Action 2 (V2) + after + Action 1 (had + V3)
- By the time + Simple Past → main clause in Past Perfect
- Subject-Verb Agreement (কর্তা-ক্রিয়া সংগতি):
- Neither… nor / Either… or: verb agrees with the nearest subject — "Neither Lata nor Sujata was present."
- Neither of / Each of + plural noun → singular verb — "Neither of the brothers was present."
- Proverbs & single-idea compound subjects → singular verb — "Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy…"
- Noun of multitude: 'behaviour' is uncountable → singular verb.
- With / along with / together with: verb agrees with the first subject only.
- Subjunctive mood: after 'as if / as though' and in unreal conditions, use plural past form — "If I were a king…", "He talks as if he knew everything."
Q67
He rushed to the hospital after he _____ the news. PYQ 2019 S1
✅ Correct Answer: (D) had heard
English: Two past actions connected by 'after'. Hearing the news happened first (Past Perfect: 'had heard'), rushing to hospital happened second (Simple Past: 'rushed').
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: অতীতে দুটি ঘটনার মধ্যে খবর আগে শুনেছিল (Past Perfect: had heard), তারপর হাসপাতালে গিয়েছিল (Simple Past: rushed)।
Q68
Neither Lata nor Sujata _____ present in class on 14th October. PYQ 2019 S1
✅ Correct Answer: (C) was
English: When two singular subjects ('Lata', 'Sujata') are connected by 'neither... nor', the verb must be singular ('was').
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'Neither... nor' দ্বারা দুটি একবচন Subject যুক্ত থাকলে Verb-টি একবচন (Singular) অর্থাৎ 'was' হবে।
Q69
Find out the correct sentence. PYQ 2019 S2
✅ Correct Answer: (B) The behaviour of the children was not up to the mark.
English: The head noun of the sentence subject is 'behaviour' (uncountable singular noun), which takes the singular verb 'was'. 'Behaviours' is incorrect usage.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: বাক্যের প্রধান Subject হলো 'behaviour' (Uncountable Noun), যা একবচন। তাই Verb-ও একবচন 'was' হবে।
Q70
Have you heard that Mr. Basu _____ the Chairman of the Executive Committee? PYQ 2019 S2
✅ Correct Answer: (D) has been appointed
English: Present Perfect passive structure fits the question 'Have you heard...': Subject ('Mr. Basu') + has been + V3 ('appointed').
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: বর্তমানে খবর শোনার সাথে সম্পর্কিত ঘটনার জন্য Present Perfect Passive রূপ 'has been appointed' সঠিক।
Q71
Neither of the two brothers Ramesh and Suresh _____ found suitable for the job at the interview held yesterday. PYQ 2019 S2
✅ Correct Answer: (C) was
English: The phrase 'Neither of' followed by a plural noun takes a singular verb ('was').
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'Neither of'-এর পর Plural Noun থাকলেও Verb সর্বদা Singular ('was') হয়।
Q72
By the time we reached home the rain _____. PYQ 2019 S2
✅ Correct Answer: (B) had stopped
English: Clause starting with 'By the time + Simple Past' requires the main clause to be in Past Perfect ('had stopped').
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'By the time' যুক্ত Clause-টি Simple Past হলে প্রধান Clause-টি Past Perfect (had stopped) হয়।
Q73
Early to bed and early to rise _____ a man healthy, wealthy and wise. PYQ 2019 S2
✅ Correct Answer: (D) makes
English: Proverbial expression where compound subjects refer to a single idea or notion takes a singular verb ('makes').
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: এটি একটি বিখ্যাত প্রবাদ বাক্য। দুটি কাজ মিলে একটি একক জীবনযাত্রার ধারণা প্রকাশ করায় Verb-টি Singular ('makes') হবে।
Q74
The patient _____ before the doctor arrived.
✅ Correct Answer: (C) had died
English: Classical rule: Past Perfect (had + V3) before Simple Past (V2). The patient's death happened before doctor's arrival.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'Before'-এর আগের ঘটনাটি Past Perfect (had died) এবং পরের ঘটনাটি Simple Past (arrived) হয়।
Q75
Slow and steady _____ the race.
✅ Correct Answer: (B) wins
English: Standard idiom/proverb expressing a single concept takes a singular verb ('wins').
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'Slow and steady' একক গুণকে নির্দেশ করে, তাই প্রবাদ অনুযায়ী Singular verb 'wins' বসে।
Q76
Neither the teacher nor the students _____ present in the hall.
✅ Correct Answer: (B) were
English: When subjects are connected by 'neither... nor', the verb agrees with the closer subject ('the students' = plural → 'were').
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'Neither... nor' দিয়ে যুক্ত বাক্যে Verb-এর সবচেয়ে কাছের Subject ('the students') অনুযায়ী Verb নির্ণীত হয় (Plural → were)।
Q77
If I _____ a king, I would help the poor.
✅ Correct Answer: (C) were
English: Subjunctive mood expressing an unreal / hypothetical wish in the present takes 'were' for all subjects.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: অসম্ভব বা কাল্পনিক ইচ্ছা (Unreal condition/Subjunctive mood) প্রকাশ করতে Subject যাই হোক না কেন 'were' বসে।
Q78
Each of the girls _____ received a prize.
✅ Correct Answer: (B) has
English: 'Each of' is followed by a plural noun but strictly requires a singular verb ('has').
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'Each of'-এর পর Plural Noun থাকলেও Verb সর্বদা Singular ('has') হয়।
Q79
It _____ raining heavily since early morning.
✅ Correct Answer: (C) has been
English: An action that began in the past and continues in the present indicated by 'since' requires Present Perfect Continuous ('has been raining').
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: অতীতে শুরু হয়ে এখনও চলছে বোঝাতে 'since' থাকলে Present Perfect Continuous (has been raining) ব্যবহৃত হয়।
Q80
Bread and butter _____ his only food.
✅ Correct Answer: (A) is
English: When two nouns joined by 'and' express a single essential item/meal, the verb is singular ('is').
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'Bread and butter' এখানে একটিমাত্র খাদ্যবস্তুকে বোঝাচ্ছে, তাই Verb-টি Singular ('is') হবে।
Q81
Ten miles _____ a long distance to walk on foot.
✅ Correct Answer: (B) is
English: Expressions of distance, quantity, time, or weight when treated as a single unit take a singular verb.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: দূরত্ব বা নির্দিষ্ট পরিমাপ যখন সমষ্টিগত একক হিসেবে দেখা হয়, তখন Singular verb ('is') ব্যবহৃত হয়।
Q82
The news _____ true.
✅ Correct Answer: (A) is
English: 'News' is an uncountable singular noun that takes a singular verb ('is').
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'News' দেখতে Plural হলেও এটি Singular Uncountable Noun, তাই এর সাথে 'is' বসে।
Q83
The captain with all his crew members _____ drowned.
✅ Correct Answer: (B) was
English: When a main subject is accompanied by phrases like 'with', 'along with', 'together with', the verb agrees with the primary subject ('The captain' = singular → 'was').
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'With', 'along with' দ্বারা কোনো Noun যুক্ত হলে প্রথম Subject ('The captain') অনুযায়ী Verb 'was' হবে।
Q84
Fifty thousand rupees _____ a large sum of money.
✅ Correct Answer: (B) is
English: A collective sum of money functions as a single singular entity, requiring 'is'.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: টাকার নির্দিষ্ট একটি নির্দিষ্ট সমষ্টি বা পরিমাণ বোঝালে Singular verb ('is') বসে।
Q85
He talked as if he _____ everything.
✅ Correct Answer: (B) knew
English: Clauses following 'as if' / 'as though' denoting hypothetical or unreal comparison take past simple subjunctive form ('knew').
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'As if' (যেন) যুক্ত বাক্যে অবাস্তব ধারণা প্রকাশ করতে Past Tense ('knew') ব্যবহৃত হয়।
Q86
One of my friends _____ an accomplished doctor.
✅ Correct Answer: (B) is
English: 'One of + Plural Noun' means one among many, taking a singular verb ('is').
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'One of'-এর পর Noun-টি Plural হলেও মূল Subject হলো 'One', তাই Verb-টি Singular ('is') হবে।
Module 5: Sentence Transformation, Clauses & Sentence Types
19 Questions • Part-I English
Interrogative formation, affirmative–negative conversion, simple/complex/compound transformation, degree change and clause identification.
Key Grammar Rules
- Interrogative Transformation (প্রশ্নবোধক রূপান্তর): An assertive statement with an auxiliary verb (have, had, is, was) becomes interrogative by fronting the auxiliary.
- You have had your dinner → Have you had your dinner?
- She had time… → Had she time to finish all the questions?
- Sentence Transformation Types:
- Affirmative → Negative: change without altering meaning (e.g., He is honest → He is not dishonest).
- Simple: one independent clause — "Being tired, he sat down."
- Complex: main clause + dependent clause — "As he was tired, he sat down."
- Compound: two independent clauses joined by and/but/or/so/yet — "He was tired, so he sat down."
- Only → None but (persons): "Only Ram can solve this." → "None but Ram can solve this."
- As soon as → No sooner… than
- So… that… cannot → too… to
- Degree of Comparison: Positive (as good as) → Comparative (better than) → Superlative (the best).
- Comparative "larger than any other" ⇄ Positive "No other… is as large as"
- Superlative "the greatest of all" ⇄ Positive "No other… is as great as"
Q87
Change into an interrogative sentence: You have had your dinner. PYQ 2019 S1
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Have you had your dinner?
English: To turn the present perfect statement 'You have had your dinner' into an interrogative without changing its auxiliary structure, invert the auxiliary verb 'Have' to the beginning: 'Have you had your dinner?'
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: Present Perfect বাক্য 'You have had...' কে প্রশ্নবোধক করতে Auxiliary Verb 'Have'-কে কর্তার পূর্বে এনে 'Have you had your dinner?' করাই সঠিক।
Q88
Change into an interrogative sentence: She had time to finish all the questions. PYQ 2019 S2
✅ Correct Answer: (D) Had she time to finish all the questions?
English: Inverting the principal/auxiliary verb 'Had' to the front of the subject ('She') yields the direct interrogative form: 'Had she time to finish all the questions?'
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'She had time...' বাক্যটির গঠন বজায় রেখে প্রশ্নবোধক রূপ করতে 'Had'-কে বাক্যের শুরুতে নিয়ে 'Had she time to finish all the questions?' গঠন করা হয়।
Q89
Transform into a Complex Sentence: In spite of his poverty, he is honest.
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Though he is poor, he is honest.
English: 'In spite of' in a simple sentence changes to the subordinating conjunction 'Though / Although' to form a complex sentence containing a main clause and a subordinate adverbial clause.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: Simple sentence-এর 'In spite of' কমপ্লেক্স সেন্টেন্সে রূপান্তরের সময় 'Though/Although' সংযোজক দ্বারা যুক্ত হয়।
Q90
Transform into a Compound Sentence: Besides being clever, he is hard-working.
✅ Correct Answer: (B) He is not only clever but also hard-working.
English: 'Besides being' in a simple sentence transforms into coordinating cumulative conjunctions 'not only... but also' or 'and' to form two independent clauses in a compound sentence.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: Simple-এর 'Besides being' অংশটি Compound-এ 'not only... but also' বা 'and' দ্বারা দুটি স্বাধীন ক্লজে বিভক্ত হয়।
Q91
Transform into a Negative Sentence without changing meaning: Only Ram can solve this problem.
✅ Correct Answer: (B) None but Ram can solve this problem.
English: When 'Only' refers to a person, it is transformed into 'None but' at the beginning of the negative sentence.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: ব্যক্তি নির্দেশক 'Only' শব্দটিকে অর্থ অপরিবর্তিত রেখে না-বোধক করতে 'None but' বসাতে হয়।
Q92
Transform into Positive Degree: Kolkata is larger than any other city in West Bengal.
✅ Correct Answer: (A) No other city in West Bengal is as large as Kolkata.
English: Comparative 'larger than any other' converts to Positive degree starting with 'No other... is as large as'.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: Comparative-এর 'larger than any other' Positive Degree-তে 'No other... is as large as' রূপ নেয়।
Q93
Transform into a Simple Sentence: He confessed that he was guilty.
✅ Correct Answer: (A) He confessed his guilt.
English: Complex noun clause 'that he was guilty' is reduced to a simple noun phrase 'his guilt'.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: Complex-এর Subordinate Clause ('that he was guilty')-কে রূপান্তর করে একটি শব্দগুচ্ছে ('his guilt') পরিণত করলে Simple sentence তৈরি হয়।
Q94
Transform into an Exclamatory Sentence: It is a very beautiful rose.
✅ Correct Answer: (A) What a beautiful rose it is!
English: Assertive with 'a very + adjective + noun' transforms to 'What a + adjective + noun + subject + verb!'
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'a very + adjective + noun' যুক্ত বাক্যকে Exclamatory করার নিয়ম: What a + adjective + noun + subject + verb!
Q95
Identify the type of clause underlined: I know the man who came here yesterday.
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Adjective / Relative Clause
English: The clause 'who came here yesterday' qualifies the antecedent noun 'the man', performing the function of an adjective.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: চিহ্নিত ক্লজটি পূর্ববর্তী Noun ('the man')-কে বিশেষিত করছে, তাই এটি একটি Adjective/Relative Clause।
Q96
Transform into a Compound Sentence: Taking up his gun, he shot the tiger.
✅ Correct Answer: (A) He took up his gun and shot the tiger.
English: Participial simple sentence is split into two independent clauses joined by coordinating conjunction 'and'.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: Participle ('Taking up') তুলে দিয়ে দুটি সমতুল্য কাজকে 'and' দ্বারা যুক্ত করে Compound sentence তৈরি করা হয়।
Q97
Transform into a Negative Sentence: As soon as he saw the policeman, he ran away.
✅ Correct Answer: (A) No sooner did he see the policeman than he ran away.
English: Standard transformation: 'As soon as' → 'No sooner did + Subject + V1... than...'.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'As soon as' যুক্ত হ্যাঁ-বোধক বাক্যকে না-বোধক করতে 'No sooner did... than' গঠনটি ব্যবহৃত হয়।
Q98
Identify the Sentence Type: Although he worked hard, he could not pass the exam.
✅ Correct Answer: (B) Complex Sentence
English: Contains one independent main clause ('he could not pass the exam') and one dependent adverbial clause of concession ('Although he worked hard').
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: বাক্যে একটি প্রধান ক্লজ এবং 'Although' যুক্ত একটি অপ্রধান ক্লজ থাকায় এটি একটি Complex Sentence।
Q99
Transform into Superlative Degree: Iron is more useful than any other metal.
✅ Correct Answer: (A) Iron is the most useful metal.
English: 'More useful than any other' transforms into 'the most useful metal' in superlative degree.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'More useful than any other' তুলনার সেরা রূপটি Superlative Degree-তে 'the most useful metal' হবে।
Q100
Transform into an Assertive Sentence: Who does not love his country?
✅ Correct Answer: (A) Everyone loves his country.
English: Negative interrogative 'Who does not...' converts to affirmative assertive statement 'Everyone / Everybody...'.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'Who does not...' (কে না ভালোবাসে?) প্রশ্নবাচক বাক্যটিকে সাধারণ বিবৃতিতে রূপান্তর করলে অর্থ দাঁড়ায় 'সবাই ভালোবাসে' (Everyone loves...)।
Q101
Identify the underlined clause: She told me where she had hidden the money.
✅ Correct Answer: (A) Noun Clause
English: The clause acts as the direct object of the transitive verb 'told' (answering 'what did she tell?'), making it a Noun Clause.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: ক্লজটি 'told' Verb-এর Object হিসেবে কাজ করছে ('কী বলেছিল' প্রশ্নের উত্তর দিচ্ছে), তাই এটি একটি Noun Clause।
Q102
Transform into a Simple Sentence: He is so weak that he cannot walk.
✅ Correct Answer: (A) He is too weak to walk.
English: Complex structure 'so + adjective + that + cannot' transforms into simple structure 'too + adjective + to + infinitival verb'.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: Complex-এর 'so... that... cannot' গঠনটিকে Simple করার জনপ্রিয় নিয়ম হলো 'too... to...' ব্যবহার করা।
Q103
Transform into a Negative Sentence: Where there is smoke, there is fire.
✅ Correct Answer: (A) There is no smoke without fire.
English: Proverbial affirmative transformed to negative retaining identical meaning: 'There is no smoke without fire'.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: 'যেখানেই ধোঁয়া সেখানেই আগুন' কথাটিকে না-বোধক বাক্যে রূপান্তর করলে হয় 'আগুন ছাড়া ধোঁয়া হয় না' (There is no smoke without fire)।
Q104
Identify the Sentence Structure: Listen to me or you will suffer.
✅ Correct Answer: (C) Compound Sentence
English: Two independent imperative/declarative clauses connected by the coordinating alternative conjunction 'or'.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: দুটি স্বাধীন ক্লজ 'or' অব্যয় দ্বারা যুক্ত রয়েছে, তাই এটি একটি Compound Sentence।
Q105
Transform into Positive Degree: Shakespeare is the greatest of all English playwrights.
✅ Correct Answer: (A) No other English playwright is as great as Shakespeare.
English: Superlative 'the greatest of all' converts to Positive degree with 'No other... is as great as'.
বাংলা ব্যাখ্যা: Superlative-এর 'the greatest of all' Positive Degree-তে রূপান্তরিত হয়ে 'No other... is as great as' গঠন গ্রহণ করে।
High-Yield Summary Table: Key Grammar Formulae
Quick revision before the exam
| Grammar Concept | Key Rule / Formula | Example Structure |
|---|---|---|
| Past Perfect Time Sequence | Action 1 (had + V3) + before + Action 2 (V2) | The patient had died before the doctor arrived. |
| Subject-Verb Agreement | 'Neither of' / 'Each of' + Plural Noun → Singular Verb | Neither of the brothers was selected. |
| Comparative to Positive | Subject + is + Adjcomp + than any other → No other… as Adjpos as | No other city is as large as Kolkata. |
| Simple to Complex | In spite of + Noun Phrase → Though / Although + Clause | Though he is poor, he is honest. |
| Simple to Compound | Besides + Ving → Not only… but also | He is not only clever but also hardworking. |
| Complex to Simple | So + Adj + that + cannot → Too + Adj + to + V1 | He is too weak to walk. |
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Frequently Asked Questions
WBPSC Clerkship English Grammar
Are these WBPSC Clerkship English Grammar notes free?
Yes. All 105 solved questions, grammar rule boxes and the summary table on this page are completely free. No registration or payment is required.
Which grammar topics are covered in these notes?
Five modules: (1) Prepositions & Appropriate Prepositions, (2) Articles, Determiners & Modals, (3) Voice Change & Narration Change, (4) Tenses, Subject-Verb Agreement & Verb Forms, and (5) Sentence Transformation, Clauses & Sentence Types.
Are PYQs included in these notes?
Yes. Questions marked with the "PYQ 2019 S1" or "PYQ 2019 S2" badge are directly taken from WBPSC Clerkship 2019 Shift 1 and Shift 2 question papers. The remaining questions follow the same Madhyamik-standard pattern used by WBPSC.
How many grammar questions appear in Part-I English?
Part-I English carries 30 marks out of 100. Grammar (including prepositions, articles, voice, narration, tenses and transformation) typically accounts for a substantial share of these 30 questions. The official syllabus lists "Fundamentals of the English language such as vocabulary, grammar, sentence structure, synonyms, antonyms and its correct usage."
How should I revise grammar quickly before the exam?
Start with the rule box at the top of each module, then read only the correct-answer explanations. Finish with the High-Yield Summary Table for formulae you tend to forget (neither/nor agreement, comparative-to-positive, so…that → too…to). Revise the PYQ 2019 questions last, because WBPSC frequently repeats grammar patterns.
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Last Updated: October 2026 • Source: WBPSC Clerkship Official Scheme & Syllabus (Advt. No. 12/2024) and PYQ 2019 Shift 1 & Shift 2
These notes are compiled for study and revision purposes. For the official notification and syllabus, refer to the WBPSC portal.
These notes are compiled for study and revision purposes. For the official notification and syllabus, refer to the WBPSC portal.
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